Volume 10, Issue 2
- Issue published: 30 September 2014
- Download full issue
Cesta k přímé volbě prezidenta na Slovensku a v České republice
Jakub Charvát and Petr Just, p. 9–28
Abstract: This study analyzes the genesis, implementation and application of direct presidential elections in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. It deals with the reasons and circumstances that led from indirect to direct elections, with emphasis on differences in both analyzed countries. The object of study is not to argue for or against the direct election of the president, but to put the appropriate constitutional and political reform in the broader framework of the development of Czech and Slovak politics in the period after 1989, or after independence in 1993.
Keywords: Czech Republic, Slovakia, president, elections, executive power, direct elections, indirect elections
Integrácia Českej republiky a Slovenskej republiky do euroatlantických bezpečnostných štruktúr
Jaroslav Ušiak, p. 29–43
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to highlight the developments during the integration of the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic to the Euro‑Atlantic security structures.The theme is broad in its scope, it covers the period 1993–2004, and therefore we focus our analysis mainly on pointing out the most important differences during the accession process in the development of two separate states. During the 1990 s both countries were characterized by their own quest for identity in new international environment after the collapse of the USSR and the end of the Cold War. In this paper we analyse why those states have become members of NATO at different times, the Slovak Republic in 2004, the Czech Republic in 1999, as well as the membership of both of the V4 countries in the European Union since 2004. Today we also know that the road to democracy is not easy, that liberal democracy is a system threatened by crises as well as other systems. That is why it is necessary to deepen and enhance the security policy of the state to become a pillar of the power of the state and at the same time a tool for peaceful development and national defence.
Keywords: security policy, NATO, European Union, Czech Republic, Slovak Republic
Integrace ČR a SR do evropských ekonomických struktur
Irah Kučerová, p. 45–64
Abstract: Despite a number of common evolutionary and institutional features of the process of convergence Czech Republic and the Slovak was different. Initially economic transformation in the Czech Republic seemed more successfully, but finally after 1998 was the development of Slovakia not only continuous but very successful, leading to macroeconomic stabilization, institutional standardization and full membership of Slovakia in the European structures, which now Slovakia has more decision‑making power than the Czech Republic.
Keywords: economic transformation, privatization, restitutions, transposition deficit, decay‑secesion
Rok 1998 – medzník vo vývoji straníckeho systému Slovenskej republiky
Ján Liďák, p. 65–77
Abstract: The present study is aimed at analyzing the development of political parties in the Slovak Republic after 1993. An analysis of policy and program orientation of parties and movements shows that until 1998, under the influence of the dominant political party – HZDS, party and political structure was immature and poorly differentiated compared with neighboring post‑socialist countries. Author considers the elections in 1998 to be the determining factor for the development, genesis, profiling and standardization of the party system in the Slovak Republic. In this period, there was a significant shift in political preferences of the population as well as a specific change in the coalition strategy of opposition political subjects. Party system was thus getting into more standardized situation, confirmed by the parliamentary elections in 2002 and the subsequent development although even now the party system remains marked by a great deal of internal fragmentation.
Keywords: Slovakia, elections, political parties, HZDS, policy of Meciarism
Vnímání a postavení národnostních menšin v ČR po roce 1993
Gabriela Cingelová, p. 79–94
Abstract: This text deals with perception and role of national minorities in the Czech Republic after 1993. National problems are obvious in Czech society – in historical context – since 19th Century and as well as after 1918. In this sense the most noticeableweak point was relation to German minority. Aftrer 1945, in consequence ofwar events – took place violent displacement of Germans, which affected attitude of Czech nation – on a number of counts supported by Communist Party of Czechoslovakia– to national and ethnics minorities in following four decades. This periodis also mentioned in text. In the context of development after 1993 is pay attention to legal and institutional status of national and etnic minorities with emphasis on school system and education (Multicultural education).
Keywords: Czech Republic, national minorities, institutional confirmation, census, school system, multicultural education, strangers
DISCISSION
Pavel Kopeček: Reflexe historického vývoje samostatné České republiky a Slovenské republiky ve středoškolských učebnicích dějepisu
Zdeněk Vostracký: Dvouúrovňový hlasovací systém a jeho příspěvek k vyšší věrohodnosti volby pro občany